Blood sugar, also known as blood glucose, refers to the concentration of glucose (a type of sugar) present in the bloodstream. Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body’s cells and is obtained from the breakdown of carbohydrates in the food we eat.
Maintaining blood sugar levels within a normal range is crucial for overall health and proper functioning of the body. The hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, plays a vital role in regulating blood sugar levels. When blood sugar rises after a meal, insulin is released to facilitate the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby reducing blood sugar levels. On the other hand, when blood sugar levels are low, another hormone called glucagon stimulates the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels.
Abnormalities in blood sugar regulation can lead to various health conditions. The two primary conditions related to blood sugar levels are:
